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(O+$0  2  0  )3  0` (#(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#2  0  )3  0h(#h(#1i)(;$2  0  )3  0  (cc$0  0` (#(#2  0  )3  0 ` (#` (#(w$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#2  0  )3  0 (# (#(G$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2  0  )3  0h(#(#(3$ !  (u$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#2  0  )3  0(#(#( $0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#2  0  )3  0p(#(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#2  0  )3  0p(#p(#@=ABC>EFxIGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets List\  `$Times NewRoman <'  _ XX  A!) xdtExA   P)  _A!) xdExA   XX   `    2002ReportonForeignPolicyExportControls6Times New Roman Regular(9 Z(Times New Roman !!!!)!dxdx($($     _  1  .0  Section6(b)(2)requirestheDepartmenttoconsiderthecriteriasetforthinSection   6(b)(1)whenextendingcontrolsineffectpriortoJuly12,1985.Inaddition,thereport p mustincludetheelementssetforthinSections6(f)(2)(A)(purposeofthecontrols); `  6(f)(2)(C)(consultationwithindustryandothercountries);6(f)(2)(D)(alternativemeans P  attempted);and6(f)(2)(E)(foreignavailability).<:Definition T _2.0  Section6(b)(1)requirestheDepartmenttomakedeterminationsregardingthecriteria G  setforththereinwhenimposing,extending,orexpandingcontrols.Thereportmustalso 7  containtheadditionalinformationrequiredinSection6(f)(2)(A),(C)(E)(assetforthin ' endnote1,supra.) _  3  .0  Limitationsexistwhenassessingtheeconomicimpactofcertaincontrolsbecauseofthe  unavailabilityofdataorbecauseoftheprevalenceofotherfactors,e.g.,currencyvalues, p foreigneconomicactivity,orforeignpoliticalregimes,whichmayrestrictimportsofU.S. ` productsmorestringentlythantheUnitedStatesrestrictsexports. _  4  .0  WhentheUnitedStatesimplementscontrolswithouttheimpositionofcorresponding W restrictionsbyothercountries,itisdifficulttoguardagainst_reexports_Ԁfromthird G countriestothetargetcountry,tosecurethirdcountrycooperationinenforcement 7 efforts,andtodetectviolationsabroadandinitiateproperenforcementaction.The ' relativeeaseordifficultyofidentifyingthemovementofcontrolledgoodsortechnical   dataisalsoafactor.Controlsonitemsthataresmall,inexpensive,easytotransportor ! conceal,orthathavemanyproducersandendusers,arehardertoenforce. #!(#(#  #@  @     MXX~8dd8CHAPTER2#XjXM#  H     MXXjCrimeControl/HumanRights  P Ѐ(Part742.7)#XjXMg#   C   h [ExportControlProgramDescriptionandLicensingPolicy  p ЀTheUnitedStatescontrolsexportsofcrimecontrolitems,asrequiredbySection6(n)oftheAct, P  toreflectitsconcernsaboutthehumanrightssituationinvariouspartsoftheworld. @  TheUnitedStatesrequiresalicensetoexportmostcrimecontrolanddetectioninstruments, o  equipment,relatedtechnology,andsoftwaretoanydestination,exceptAustralia,Japan,New _ Zealand,andmembersoftheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization(NATO).InSeptember2000, O BXApublishedaninterimruleintheFederalRegisterthatchangedthelicenserequirementsfor ? somecrimecontrolitemsincludingrestrainttypedevices(suchashandcuffsandshackles)and / dischargetypearms(suchasstungunsandshockbatons)toincludealldestinationsexcept  Canada.ThisrulealsocreateduniqueExportCommodityControlNumber(_ECCN_)  classificationsforsaps,policehelmetsandshields,fingerprintinksanddyes,andtechnologyfor  restrainttypeitems.TherulealsomodifiedU.S.licensingpolicytoincludetheconsiderationof  civildisorderinagivencountryorregioninlicensingdecisions.    LicensingPolicy p CrimeControl/ImplementsofTorture P  Ingeneral,nocrimecontrolitemsmaybeexportedtoacountryinwhichthegovernment  @ engagesinaconsistentpatternofgrossviolationsofinternationallyrecognizedhumanrights. !0 Forothercountries,theU.S.Governmentwillconsiderapplicationsforcrimecontrolitems o"  favorably,onacasebycasebasis,unlessthereiscivildisorderinthecountryorregion _# concerned,orthereisevidencethatthegovernmentmayhaveviolatedhumanrightsandthatthe O$ judicioususeofexportcontrolswouldbehelpfulinminimizingregionalinstability,deterringthe ?%  developmentofaconsistentpatternofsuchviolations,orindemonstratingtheU.S.oppositionto /&! suchviolations. ' " TheUnitedStatesrequiresalicensetoexportspeciallydesignedimplementsoftortureand ("$ thumbscrews,whicharesubsetsofthecrimecontrolcategory,toanydestination,withapolicy )#% ofdenialforallapplications. *$&  +%'  China  O FollowingthemilitaryassaultondemonstratorsbythePeople'sRepublicofChina(PRC)in ? TiananmenSquareinBeijinginJune1989,theUnitedStatesimposedconstraintsontheexport / tothePRCofcertainitemsontheCommerceControlList(CCL).Section902(a)(4)oftheFor   eignRelationsAuthorizationActforFY19901991,PublicLaw101246,suspendstheissuance   oflicensesunderSection6(n)oftheActfortheexportofanycrimecontrolordetectioninstru   mentsorequipmenttothePRC.ThePresidentmayterminatethesuspensionbyreportingto   CongressthatChinahasmadeprogressonpoliticalreformorthatitisinthenationalinterestof   theUnitedStatestoterminatethesuspension.    Indonesia `   TheUnitedStates,subjecttonarrowexceptions,deniesapplicationstoexportU.S.Munitions P  ListcommoditiesandcertaincrimecontrolitemstoIndonesia,consistentwithSection582ofthe @  ForeignOperations,ExportFinancingandRelatedPrograms1995Appropriationsand1994 0  SupplementalAppropriationsAct(PublicLaw103306). o   Rwanda  O InconformitywithU.N.Resolution918andtheUnitedNationsParticipationAct,theUnited ? Statesmaintainsanembargoonthesaleorsupplyofarmsandrelatedmaterieltonon / governmententitiesinRwanda.Therefore,applicationstoexportitemscontrolledforcrime  controlanddetectionreasonsontheCCLtosuchentitiesaresubjecttoageneralpolicyof  denial.   S2 S6XK XXXj FederalRepublicofYugoslavia( S#XjX X6XKd#FRYSerbiaandMontenegro)  2 TheU.N.SecurityCouncilhasrecentlyterminatedthearmsembargoontheFRY(Serbiaand " Montenegro).TheDepartmentofCommercewillshortlytakeactiontoremovetheadditional  controls,includingthedenialpolicyonarmsrelateditems,thathaveappliedtotheFRY  since1998.   Liberia g  ! BXAwillsoonpublisharulethatamendstheEARtoprohibitthesale,supply,orexportfrom "s theUnitedStatesorthesale,export,or_reexport_ԀbyU.S.personsofarmsrelateditems,including #c technicalassistanceandtraining,toLiberia.ThisBXAregulatoryactionisconsistentwithU.N. $S  Resolution1343ofMarch7,2001,andisbeingtakenincoordinationwithDepartmentofState %C! controlsondefensearticlesandservicestoLiberiaundertheInternationalTrafficinArms &3 " Regulation(_ITAR_). r'#!#  OrganizationofAmericanStatesMemberCountries  R)#% OnApril13,1999,BXApublishedaninterimruleimplementingtheprovisionsofthe B*#& OrganizationofAmericanStates(OAS)ModelRegulationsfortheControloftheInternational 2+$' MovementofFirearms.BXAdesignedtheseregulationstoharmonizeimportandexport ",%( controlsoverthelegalinternationalmovementoffirearmsamongOASmembercountriesandto O establishprocedurestopreventtheillegaltraffickingoffirearmsamongthesecountries. ? Undertheseprovisions,theUnitedStatesimposednewforeignpolicycontrolsonexportsof   certainfirearms,includingshotgunsandparts,buckshot,shotgunshellsandparts,andoptical   sightingdevicesforfirearmstoallOASmembercountries.TheUnitedStatespreviously   requiredalicensefortheexportoftheseitemstoallOASmembercountrieswiththeexception   ofCanada.TheUnitedStatesnowrequiresalicensetoexporttheseitemstoallOASmember   countries,includingCanada.InsupportoftheOASModelRegulations,theUnitedStates   imposedanImportCertificate(IC)requirementontheexporttoallOASmembercountriesof p  thoseitemsaffectedbytheregulations.Ingeneral,theDepartmentofCommerceapproves `  licenseapplicationsfortheexportoffirearmstoOASmembercountriesiftheapplicationis P  supportedbyanIC.BXAdeniesapplicationsthatinvolveenduseslinkedtodrugtrafficking, @  terrorism,internationalorganizedcrime,mercenary,andothercriminalactivities.   0   OtherLicensingConsiderations  _ TheDepartmentofStateannuallycompilestheCountryReportsonHumanRightsPractices. O TheDepartmentofStatepreparesthisreportinaccordancewithSections116(d)and502B(b)of ? theForeignAssistanceActof1961,asamended,forsubmissiontoCongress.Thefactual / informationpresentedinthisreportisasignificantelementinlicensingrecommendationsmade  bytheDepartmentofState.InaccordancewiththeForeignAssistanceAct,thereisadenial  policyforlicenseapplicationstoexportcrimecontrolitemstoanycountrywhosegovernment  engagesinaconsistentpatternofgrossviolationsofhumanrights.  TheInternationalReligiousFreedomActof1998(_IRFA_)callsforthePresidenttotake  diplomaticorotherappropriateactionwithrespecttoanycountrythatengagesinortolerates p violationsofreligiousfreedom.TheActalsoprovidesfortheimpositionofeconomicmeasures ` orcommensurateactionswhenacountryhasengagedinsystematic,ongoing,egregious P violationsofreligiousfreedomaccompaniedbyflagrantdenialsoftherightstolife,liberty,or  @ thesecurityofpersons,suchastorture,enforcedandarbitrarydisappearances,orarbitrary !0 prolongeddetention.Forsuchcountries,_IRFA_ԀprovidesthattheDepartmentofCommerce,with o"  DepartmentofStateconcurrence,shallincludeontheCCLforreasonsofcrimecontrolor _# detection,andrequireexportlicensesfor,itemsthatarebeingusedorareintendedforuse O$  directlyandinsignificantmeasuretocarryoutparticularlysevereviolationsofreligious ?%! freedom. OnNovember3,1999,theDepartmentofStatepublishedanoticeintheFederal /&" RegisterpursuanttoSection408(a)ofthe_IRFA_,statingthattheSecretaryofStatehad ' # designatedBurma,China,Iran,Iraq,andSudanas countriesofparticularconcernforengaging (!$ in,ortolerating,particularlysevereviolationsofreligiousfreedom.TheDepartmentof ("% CommercehasnotaddedadditionalitemstotheCCLpursuantto_IRFA_,butitreviewslicense )#&  applicationsforcrimecontrolitemstothesedestinationsinaccordancewiththe_IRFA_Ԁsanctions.  *$'    &       AnalysisofControlasRequiredbySection6(f)oftheAct  ? . A.ThePurposeoftheControl    ThesecontrolsseektoensurethatU.S.-origincrimecontrolequipmentisnotexportedto   countrieswhosegovernmentsfailtorespectinternationallyrecognizedhumanrights,orwhere   civil'O.Ԁdisorderisprevalent.Denialofexportlicenseapplicationstosuchcountrieshelpsto   preventthefurtheranceofhumanrightsviolationsandclearlysignalsU.S.concernsabouthuman   rightsinthesecountries.TheregulatorychangeofSeptember2000allowsforclosermonitoring p  ofexportsofcertainitemscontrolledforcrimecontrolpurposesthatcouldbemisusedtocommit `  humanrightsviolations. P  Controlsonimplementsoftorturesimilarlyhelptoensurethatitemsofthisnaturearenot 0  exportedfromtheUnitedStates.BXAhasneitherreceivedapplicationsforexportof specially o  designedimplementsoftorturenorwouldithaveapprovedtheexportofsuchitems. _ 0   (#(#  B.Considerationsand/orDeterminationsoftheSecretaryofCommerce  ?  1.  ProbabilityofAchievingtheIntendedForeignPolicyPurpose. Thelackof  complementarycontrolsbyotherproducernationslimitstheeffectivenessofthesecontrolsin  preventinghumanrightsviolations.Nevertheless,theydorestricthumanrightsviolatorsaccess  toU.S.-origingoodsandprovideimportantsymbolicevidenceofU.S.supportfortheprinciples  ofhumanrights.Theimpositionofmorestringentlicensingrequirementsforcrimecontrol  itemswillenabletheUnitedStatestomonitormorecloselyitemsthatcouldbeusedinhuman  rightsviolations. p  2.  CompatibilitywithForeignPolicyObjectives. Thiscontrolprogramisfullyconsistent P withU.S.policyinsupportofinternationallyrecognizedhumanrights,asexpressedby  @ successiveAdministrationsandbytheCongress.TheexpansionofcontrolsinSeptember2000 !0 isintendedtofurtherdeterthedevelopmentofaconsistentpatternofhumanrightsabusesand o"  distancetheUnitedStatesfromsuchviolations. _#  3.  ReactionofOtherCountries. Thesecontrolsareunique,serveadistinctforeignpolicy ?%! purpose,andariseoutofdeeplyheldconvictions.Othercountriesdonothaveequivalent /&" regulations,butmanyhaverestrictionsonexportsoflethalproductstoareasofcivilunrest. ' #  4.  EconomicImpactonUnitedStatesIndustry. InFY2001,BXAapproved1,962export ("% licenseapplicationsworthapproximately$146millionforcrimecontrolitemstoalldestinations. )#& Table1liststhetotalnumberandvalue(by_ECCN_)ofexportlicensesthattheUnitedStates *$' issuedforcrimecontrolitemsduringFY2001. +%( Ї   & 4 Table1:CRIMECONTROLAPPLICATIONSAPPROVED(FY2001)  O <*{d dd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,'dd ,A dd ,rdd ,dd +  * // * _ECCN_ 7 &!D"  7 ItemsControlled 7 &!D"  7 Applications D Approved 7 &! 4"  7   $Value '4O< >4&D2    >? 0A978 0&! " 0Saps D:   # D0 LB4  " #  LЀ$0 9/!  3 9 0A979 0&! < " 0Policehelmetsandshields PF <   Q@70Q@P70 XN@ <"  Q@70 Q@ X$2,207,003 9/! <3 9 򀀀0A982 0&!" 0_Thumbcuffs_,legirons,  shackles,handcuffs QG f@181f@Q181 YOA" f@181 f@ Y$7,072,342 9/!3 9 0A983 0&!4 " 0Speciallydesigned 4  implementsoftorture D:s$  # D0 4   LB4s$ " #  L$0 4  Ѐ 9/!s$ 3 9 0A984 0&! " 0Shotgunsandbuckshot   shotgun   shells QG @692@Q692    YOA !" @692 @ Y$33,008,074 9/! "3 9 0A985 0&![ #" 0Dischargetypearms(stun [ $ guns,shockbatons,etc.) QGK% i@206i@Q206 [ &  YOAK'" i@206 i@ Y$23,826,293 [ (  9/!K)3 9 0A987 0&!*" 0Opticalsightingdevices QG+ z@425z@Q425 YOA," z@425 z@ Y$29,001,097 MC!-3 # M 0E982 C94S." #  CTechnologyforitemsunder S/ 0A982/0A985 D:C0 # D0 LB4S1" #  L$0 MC!S23 # M 0E984 C94x3" #  CTechnologyforitemsunder x4 0A984 D:h5 # D0 LB4x6" #  L$0 9/!x73 9 1A984 0&!;8" 0Chemicalagentsincluding ;9 teargascontaining1%orless + : ofCSorCN PF!;  ,@14,@P14 ;<  XN@!>"  ,@14 ,@ X$301,296 ;?  9/!!A3 9  1A985 0&!"PB" 0Fingerprintingpowders,dyes "PC andinks QG#@D @a@138@a@Q138 "PE  YOA#@F" @a@138 @a@ Y$5,808,465 "PG Ѐ 9/!#@H3 9 3A980 0&!%I" 0Voiceprintidentificationand %J analysisequipment OE&K  ?1?O1 %L  WM?&M"  ?1 ? W$250,000 %N  9/!&O3 9 3A981 0&!'8!P" 0Polygraphs,fingerprint '8!Q analyzers,camerasand w(("R equipment QGg)#S `c@155`c@Q155 '8!T  YOAg)#V" `c@155 `c@ Y$32,925,525 '8!W  9/!g)#Y3 9 3D980 0&!*$Z" 0Softwareforitemsunder *$[ 3A980and3A981 PF+%\  ;@27;@P27 XN@*$]"  ;@27 ;@ X$1,261,908 9/!*$^3 9 3E980 0&!' d" 0     Technologyforitemsunder ' d 3A980and3A981 OE T  @2@O2 ' d  WM? T"  @2 @ W$701,400 ' d  9/! T3 9 4A003* 0&! " 0Digitalcomputersfor    computerizedfingerprint    equipmentonly D:{   # D0     LB4{ " #  L$0    9/!{ 3 9 4A980 0&!<" 0Computersforfingerprint < equipment PF,  .@15.@P15 <  XN@,"  .@15 .@ X$7,127,012 <  9/!,3 9 4D001* 0&!s" 0Softwareforitemsunder s 4A003only D:c  # D0 s  LB4c " #  L$0 s  9/!c 3 9 4D980 0&!$ " 0Softwareforitemsunder $ ! 4A980 PF "  @@33@@P33 $ #  XN@ $"  @@33 @@ X$2,413,430 $ %  9/! &3 9 4E001* 0&![ '" 0Technologyforitemsunder [ ( 4A003and4D001only D:K) # D0 [ *  LB4K+" #  L$0 [ ,  9/!K-3 9 4E980 0&! ." 0Technologyforitemsunder  / 4A980 OE0  @3@O3  1  WM?2"  @3 @ W$3  3  9/!43 9 6A002c* 0&!C5" 0Policemodelinfraredviewers C6 only D:3p7 # D0 C8  LB43p9" #  L$0 C:  9/!3p;3 9 6E001* 0&!<" 0Technologyfordevelopment = ofitemsunder6A002conly D:> # D0 ?  LB4@" #  L$0 A  9/!B3 9 6E002* 0&!+ hC" 0Technologyforproductionof + hD itemsunder6A002conly D:!XE # D0 + hF  LB4!XG" #  L$0 + hH  9/!!XI3 9 9A980 0&!"J" 0Mobilecrimescience "K laboratories D:#L # D0 "M  LB4#N" #  L$0 "O  @ /!#P3 @ TOTAL 7 &!%PQ"  7 Y H%PR  @1962@Y1,962 a PB%PS" @1962 @  a$145,903,8481'%%PT3    1  XXjNOTES: (1)Togivethereaderthebroadestperspectiveoftheitemscovered,#XjX f# XXjԀTable1listsallcrimecontrol #'`U _ECCNs_Ԁincludingthoseforwhichnolicenseapplicationsweresubmitted.(2)Those_ECCNs_Ԁmarkedwithan '(V asterisk(*)covermorethanjustcrimecontrolitems,butthecorrespondingstatisticsrepresentonlythecrime (W controlitemswithinthe_ECCN_.#XjX +g#  XXj {) X #XjX )i#InFY2001,BXAdenied42applicationsforcrimecontrolitemsworth$2.6million.Thelargest  +H"Z numberofdenialsinvolvedopticalsightingdevicesforfirearms(14cases),withapplicationsfor +8#[ dischargetypearmsbeingthesecondmostoftendenied(9cases).Table2listsonlythosecrime O control_ECCNs_Ԁforwhichapplicationsweredenied. ?    Table2:CRIMECONTROLAPPLICATIONSDENIED(FY2001)    Kk*{d d'dd 'A dd A rdd rdd (#(#,'dd , dd ,dd ,dd +  *    * _ECCN_ 7 &!S "  7 Description 7 &!S "  7 Applications S   Denied 7 &!C  "  7   $Value >4&S  2    > n 0A982 0&!x " 0_Thumbcuffs_,legirons, x  shackles OEh   @4@O4 x  WM?h "  @4 @ W$267,137 x  9/!h 3 9 0A984 0&!; " 0Shotgunsandshotgunshells OE;   @7@O7 WM?; "  @7 @ W$886,945 9/!; 3 9 0A985 0&!p " 0Dischargetypearms(e.g.,stun p  guns,shockbatons) OE`   "@9"@O9 p   WM?` "  "@9 "@ W$1,126,300 p  Ѐ 9/!` 3 9 0A987 0&!3" 0Opticalsightingdevicesfor 3 firearms PF#   ,@14,@P14 3! Ѐ XN@#""  ,@14 ,@ X$291,190 3#  9/!#$3 9 1A985 0&!X%" 0Fingerprintingpowders,dyes, X& andinks OEH'  @4@O4 WM?X("  @4 @ W$13,010 9/!X)3 9 3A981 0&!*" 0Fingerprintanalyzers, + polygraphs OE ,  @3@O3 WM?-"  @3 @ W$56,992 .  9/! /3 9 4D980 0&!@0" 0Softwareforcomputers @1 controlledunder4A980 OE02  ?1?O1 @3  WM?04"  ?1 ? W$5 @5 Ѐ @ /!063 @ TOTAL 7 &!7"  7 W F8   E@42E@W42 _ N@9"  E@42 E@  _$2,641,5791'%:3    1InFY2001,BXAapproved959exportlicenseapplicationsworth$58,496,082foritemsaffected !; bytheforeignpolicycontrolsonfirearmsandammunitioninstitutedin1999,insupportofthe "< OASModelRegulations.Thiscomparesto1,210approvalsvaluedat$69,669,241inFY2000, "= whichinturnwasadeclinefromFY1999levels.Thesetotalsarecomparabletothosefrom #> FY1998,whenBXAapproved986applications,valuedat$54,429,813,fortheseitems.Canada $? accountsformoreapplicationsthananyothercountry,withover400applicationsinFY2001. %t@ TheOAScontrolsarelimitedtothefollowingthree_ECCNs_Ԁcoveringarmsandaccessories: &d A 0A984,0A986,and0A987.Thetablebelowliststhenumberandvalueofexportlicensesthat 'T!B BXAissuedforfirearms,ammunition,sights,andrelateditemsaffectedbytheseforeignpolicy (D"C controlsinFY2001. )4#D  c+%F @ TABLE3:APPLICATIONSFORFIREARMS,AMMUNITION, O @= = ANDSIGHTSTOOASCOUNTRIESAPPROVEDINFY2001  ? *{d  d'dd ' dd dd dd (#(#,dd ,dd ,dd ,dd +  3 "   3_ECCN_ @ /! 4"  @ItemsControlled @ /! 4"  @Applications  4 Approved @ /!s $"  @  $Value  4 {  >4&s $ 2    >Ӏ0A984 0&!    0Shotgunsand    buckshotshotgun    shells H>    @548 @H  548 PFA    @548  @ Pׂ  $29,352,197   F  9/! 0 9  0A986 0&![   0׃Othershotgunshells H>[  @l@226@l@H  226 PFA[   @l@226 @l@ P  $19,403,003 [    9/!K 0 9/  0A987 0&!   0Opticalsighting   devicesforfirearms H>p   g@185 g@H  185    PFAp    g@185  g@ PV  Ӏ$9,740,882    @ /!p 0 @@  TOTAL 7 &!C   7 O >C   @959@O@%%1959 N =8C  @959 @  NЀ?"$58,496,082 0&C   0 0&!x! 0 'x" ' 'x# '(x$   (چIXK XXXj 5.  EnforcementofControl. Crimecontrolitemsandimplementsoftortureareeasily % recognizableanddonotpresentspecialenforcementproblemsrelatedtodetectingviolationsor x& verifyinguse.However,enforcementcooperationwithothercountriesgenerallyisdifficultin h' casesinvolvingunilaterallycontrolleditems,suchasthese,andoftendependsonthetypeand X( quantityofgoodsinquestion.Inaddition,enforcementofcontrolson_reexports_Ԁischallenging H) andrestsinlargepartonthewillingnessoftherecipienttoabidebythetermsoftheexport 8* license.#XjX XIXK^#IXK XXXjԀ#XjX XIXK#TheU.S.Governmentconductspostshipmentverificationstoverifythatthelistedend w(+ userhasreceivedtheexportsandtoconfirmthattheimporterisusingthecontrolleditems g, consistentwiththelicenseconditions. W-  C.ConsultationwithIndustry  7!/ OnNovember7,2001,theDepartmentofCommerce,viatheFederalRegisterandBXAsWeb #1 page,solicitedcommentsfromindustryontheeffectivenessofforeignpolicybasedexport $2 controls.AmoredetailedreviewofthecommentsisavailableinAppendixI. $3 TheInternationalBiometricIndustryAssociation(_IBIA_)advocatedtheremovalofbiometric & 5 products(includingfingerprintandvoiceidentificationapplications)fromtheCCLand 'x!6 recommendedthatBXAapplysuchrestrictionsonlywhentheseproductsareexportedto (h"7 terroristsupportingcountries.The_IBIA_Ԁcitedtheimportanceofbiometricproductsinensuring )X#8 theprotectionofelectroniccommerceandstatedthatthecurrentexportcontrolsplacetheUnited *H$9 Statesatadisadvantagetoforeigncompetitors. +8%: ЇTheDepartmentofCommercehasconsultedwithexportersofcrimecontrolitemsandwith O humanrightsgroupsconcernedaboutthemisuseofsuchitemsinvariouspartsoftheworld. ? TheU.S.Governmentmadecertainchangesinthelicensingpolicyandcoveredcommoditiesin / responsetotheconcernsofhumanrightsgroups.    D.ConsultationwithOtherCountries    Mostothersuppliercountrieshavenotplacedsimilarexportcontrolsoncrimecontroland   detectionequipment.TheUnitedKingdomandCanadamaintaincontrolsoncertaincrime   controlcommoditiesthataresimilartoU.S.controls. p   E.AlternativeMeans  P  Section6(n)oftheActrequiresexportcontrolsoncrimecontrolanddetectionequipment. 0  Alternativemeansdonotsatisfythisstatutoryrequirement.TheUnitedStatesdoes,however, o  usediplomaticdemarches,sanctions,andothermeanstoconveyitsconcernsaboutthehuman _ rightssituationinvariouscountries. O  F.ForeignAvailability  / TheforeignavailabilityprovisiondoesnotapplytoSection6(n)oftheAct.   C ׀Congresshas  recognizedtheusefulnessofthesecontrolsinsupportingUnitedStatespolicyonhumanrights  issues,foreignavailabilitynotwithstanding.      \  P @ MXXj   @ 8-dd8nCHAPTER3  H RegionalStability  x (Section742.6)#XjXM#   ݘExportControlProgramDescriptionandLicensingPolicy   ThePresidentdirectedthetransferofcertainmilitaryrelatedgoodsandtechnologytothe x  CommerceControlList(CCL)fromtheDepartmentofState'sUnitedStatesMunitionsList h  (_USML_)in1993.TheUnitedStatescontrolsmanyoftheseitemsforregionalstability(RS) X  purposes.Thiscontroltraditionallycoversitemsspeciallydesignedormodifiedformilitary H  purposesandcertaindualusecommoditiesthatcanbeusedtomanufacturemilitaryequipment. 8  ThisreportnotifiesCongressthatBXAintendstopublishanamendmenttotheExport g AdministrationRegulations(EAR)thatexpandsthescopeofexplosivedetectionequipment W controlledunderExportCommodityControlNumber(_ECCN_)2A993andcreatesnewlicense G requirementsfortheexportand_reexport_Ԁofrelatedsoftwareandtechnology.Itemscontrolled 7 under_ECCNs_Ԁ2D993and2E993willdelineatethesecontrols.Inthepast,theUnitedStates ' Governmentrequiredalicensefortheexportand_reexport_Ԁofthisequipmentonlytodesignated  terroristsupportingstates.Withthisamendment,BXAwillimposebroaderlicensing  requirementsonalldestinations,includingCanada,forregionalstabilityreasons.The  amendmentisdesignedtoenhancethesecurityandsafetyofairlinetravelandphysicalstructures  includinggovernmentbuildings.   LicensingPolicy   h TheUnitedStatesrequiresalicenseforforeignpolicypurposestoexportmilitaryitems(e.g. "H certainvehiclesandtraineraircraft)andcertaincommoditiesusedtomanufacturemilitary #8 equipmenttoalldestinationsexceptmembernationsoftheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization w$( (NATO),Australia,Japan,andNewZealand.TheUnitedStateswillgenerallyconsider g%  applicationsforsuchlicensesfavorably,onacasebycasebasis,unlesstheexportwould W& ! significantlydamageregionalstability. G' " Otheritemsformerlyonthe_USML_ԀthathavebeentransferredtotheCCLincludecertainimage ')"$ intensifiertubes,infraredfocalplanearrays,certainnavigationsystemssoftwareandtechnology *#% forinertialnavigationsystems,gyroscopes,andaccelerometers.TheUnitedStatesrequiresa +$& licensetoalldestinationsexceptCanadafortheseitems.Alllicenseapplicationsfortheseitems +%' _arereviewedonacasebycasebasistodeterminewhethertheexportcouldcontribute,directly O orindirectly,toacountry'smilitarycapabilitiesinamannerthatwoulddestabilizeoraltera ? region'smilitarybalancecontrarytoU.S.foreignpolicyinterests. / TheUnitedStateswillrequirealicensefortheexportandreexportofexplosivedetection   equipmentandrelatedsoftwareandtechnologiestoalldestinations.Licenseapplicationsforthe   exportorreexportofsuchitemstomostdestinationswillbereviewedonacasebycasebasis.     &  AnalysisofControlasRequiredbySection6(f)oftheAct     A.ThePurposeoftheControl  `  ThiscontrolprovidesamechanismfortheUnitedStatestomonitortheexportoftheseitemsin @  ordertorestrictth' eiruseininstancesthatwouldadverselyaffectregionalstabilityorthemilitary 0  balancewithinaregionandtoprotectthenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStates.Thepurposeof o  theextensionofcontrolsonexplosivedetectionequipmentistoenhancethesecurityandsafety _ ofairlinetravelworldwideandphysicalstructuresincludinggovernmentbuildings. O  B.Considerationsand/orDeterminationsoftheSecretaryofCommerce  /  1.  ProbabilityofAchievingtheIntendedForeignPolicyPurpose. Theseregionalstability  controls,includingnewcontrolsonexplosivedetectionequipment,contributetoU.S.national  securityandforeignpolicyobjectivesbyenablingtheUnitedStatestorestricttheuseor  availabilityofcertainU.S.originsensitivegoodsandtechnologiesthatwouldadverselyaffect  regionalstabilityorthemilitarybalanceincertainareas.   2.  CompatibilitywithForeignPolicyObjectives. Theseregionalstabilitycontrols, ` includingnewcontrolsonexplosivedetectionequipment,areconsistentwithU.S.foreignpolicy P goalstopromotepeaceandstabilityandpreventU.S.exportsthatmightcontributetoweapons  @ production,militarycapabilities, orterroristacts.  !0  3.  ReactionofOtherCountries. Anumberofothercountrieslimitexportsofitemsand _# technologieswithmilitaryapplicationstoareasofconcern,recognizingthatsuchequipment O$  couldadverselyaffectregionalstabilityandmilitarybalances.Forexample,theUnitedStates ?%! andothermembercountriesoftheWassenaarArrangementeachhasitsownnationalcontrolson /&" theexportofcertainnightvisiondevices.AllmembersoftheMissileTechnologyControl ' # Regime(MTCR)maintaincontrolsonsoftwareandtechnologyrelatedtomissileguidanceand (!$ controldevices.OthercountriesmayobjecttonewunilateralRScontrols;however,theUnited ("% StatesalliesandpartnerssupportU.S.effortsagainstterrorismandappreciatetheneedtokeep )#& certainequipmentandtechnologiesoutofterroristhands. *$' _ +%( Ђ 4.  EconomicImpactonUnitedStatesIndustry. Itemscontrolledforregionalstability O generallyrequireavalidatedlicenseforexporttoalldestinationsexceptNATOcountries, ? Australia,Japan,andNewZealand.Certainregionalstabilityitems,includingthosecontrolled / formissiletechnologyreasons,however,requireavalidatedlicensetoalldestinationsexcept   Canada.Explosivedetectionequipmentandrelatedsoftwareandtechnologywillrequirea   licensetoalldestinations,includingCanada.   InFY2001,BXAapproved1,406licenseapplicationsforregionalstabilityitemswithatotal   valueof$217.4million.Thirteenapplicationsfortheseitemsweredenied,withatotalvalueof   $1,277,905.Inaddition,BXAreturnedwithoutaction(_RWAd_)109applicationsforregional p  stabilityitems,havingatotalvalueof$6,230,409.Mostofthereturnedlicenseapplications `  were_RWAd_Ԁbecauseofcommodityjurisdictionissuesandinsufficientenduserorenduse P  information.Eightynineofthe109returnedcaseswerefortheexportofimagingcamerasin @  _ECCN_Ԁ6A003. 0  BXAexpectsthattheamendmenttotheEARcreatingstrictercontrolsontheexportand_reexport_ _ ofexplosivedetectionequipmentandrelatedsoftwareandtechnologywillsubstantiallyincrease O thenumberoflicenseapplicationsfortheseitems.BXAanticipatesthattheexpansionofthese ? controlstoincludeagreaterrangeofdetectionproductstoalldestinationswillhaveanimpacton / industry.Althoughthepotentialeconomicimpactisunclear,securityrisksnecessitatethe  control.BXAwillworkwithindustrytominimizeanyadverseeconomiceffectthatmayresult  fromthisnewcontrol.  Thetablebelowliststhetotalnumberandvalueby_ECCN_ԀofexportlicensesthatBXAissuedfor  regionalstabilityitemsduringFY2001.  @  RegionalStabilityApplicationsApproved@@!(FiscalYear2001)  ` *d ddd dd dd dd (#(#,dd ,dd ,dd ,'dd +  *  @ @ *_ECCN_ 7 &! "  7Description 7 &! "  7Numberof   Applications 7 &!! "  7DollarValue >4& !"    >9A018 9/!g#" 9Militarytraineraircraftandvehicles g## designedormodifiedformilitaryuse QG!W$$  o@249 o@Q249 PFAg#%"  o@249  o@ P$139,341,827 9/!g#&" 9C^n C 6A002 9/!%' 9Opticaldetectorsanddirectviewimaging %( equipmentincorporatingimageintensifier &| ) tubesorfocalplanearrays PF!'l!*  G@47G@P47 OE@%+"  G@47 G@ O$9,591,364 9/!%," 96A003 9/!?)"- 9Imagingcamerasincorporatingimage ?)". intensifiersorfocalplanearrays RH!/*#/ 4@11014@R1101 QGB?)"0" 4@1101 4@ Q$68,295,020 9/!?)"1" 9_6E001* 9/!' d 9Technologyforthedevelopmentof ' d      equipment,materials,orsoftwarecontrolled  T by6A,6B,6C,or6D OE! D  @5@O5 ND?' d"  @5 @ N$7 9/!' d" 96E002* 9/!  9Technologyfortheproductionof   equipmentormaterialscontrolledby6A, {   6B,or6C OE!k   @4@O4 ND?  "  @4 @ N$5 9/!  " 97D001 9/!,  9Softwareforthedevelopmentorproduction , ofequipmentin7Aor7B D:! # D0 C94," #  C$0 \R!," Q@7E001Q@\7E001 [QCc  Q@7E001 Q@ [Technologyforthedevelopmentofitemsin c  7A,7B,or7D OE!S   @3@O3 ND?c "  @3 @ N$0 \R!c " @7E002@\7E002 [QC  @7E002 @ [Technologyfortheproductionofitemsin   7Aor7B OE!   @2@O2 ND? "  @2 @ N$200,100 \R! " ѵaU7E101ѵaU\7E101 K  [QC;x ѵaU7E101 ѵaU [Technologyfortheuseofitemsin7A,7B, K or7D OE!;x  @4@O4 ND?K "  @4 @ N$0 9/!K!" 91B018.a 9/!" 9Equipmentfortheproductionofmilitary # explosivesandsolidpropellants D:!$ # D0 C94%" #  C$0 9/!&" 92B018 9/!3p' 9EquipmentontheInternationalMunitions 3p( List D:!#`) # D0 C943p*" #  C$0 @ /!3p+" @TOTAL @ /!,  @ a P!-  @829@a829 ` OA." @829 @  `$217,428,3231'%/"   10   XXjNOTE: ThenumberofsubcategoriesundereachECCNthatarenotcontrolledforregionalstability  0 reasonsisinsignificantandisnotreflectedinthisdata.4  #4XjX 4u#!1(#(#   4 X4Xj*AllcasesbutoneundertheseECCNswereforforeignnationalsemployedinU.S.facilities.#4XjX 4# 7#t3 #XjXX4XjH#X{BXXXj 5.  #XjXXX{B#X{BXXXjEnforcementofControl. #XjXXX{B#IXK XXXjԀImageintensifiertubes,infraredfocalplane $,5 arrays,certainnavigationsystemssoftwareandtechnologyforinertialnavigationsystems, %66 gyroscopes,andaccelerometersandotheritemscontrolledforregionalstabilitypurposesare &&7 almostallsubjecttomultilateralcontrolsforeithernationalsecurityormissiletechnology '8 reasons.Themultilateralnatureofthesecontrolsaidsinenforcement.#XjX XIXKE#MXjXXXjTheimpositionof ( 9 unilateralcontrolsforexplosivedetectionequipmentisintendedtoenhancethesecurityof ) : airlinetravelworldwideandthesafetyofphysicalstructuresincludinggovernmentbuildings. *!; Thelicenserequirementshouldassistintheenforcementofexplosivedetectionequipment +"< exportsbyprovidingamechanismfordeterminingwhoexportsthesesystemsandtowhich O destinations.BXAcaneffectivelyenforcethesecontrolsbyfocusingonpreventiveenforcement, ? usingregularoutreacheffortstokeepbusinessesinformedofconcerns,andgatheringleadson / activitiesofconcern.GiventheenhancedantiterrorismeffortsoftheU.S.Government,itis   expectedthatindustrywillsupportenforcementefforts.#XjXXMXjk#     C.ConsultationwithIndustry    BXAconsultedwithindustryduringthe1993transferofcertainUSMLitemsfromDepartment   ofStatetoDepartmentofCommercejurisdiction.Inthepastyear,issuesregardingthe p  jurisdictionfornightvisionequipmenthaveresurfaced.BXALXK XXXjhostedseveralinteragency `  meetingswithindustryduring2001todiscuss#XjX XLXK#Ԁnightvisionproductusesandcapabilitiesandto P  attempttodefineadistinctionbetweencommercialequipmentandmunitionsitemstoclarifythe @  licensingjurisdictionfortheseitems.Industryinputreceivedduringthisprocesscontinuedto 0  supportthetransferofmoreoftheseitemstoCommercecontrol.InDecember2000,the o  LXK XXXjinabilityoftheagenciestoresolvethenightvisionjurisdictionalissueresultedinan#XjX XLXK#escalationof _ theissuetotheNationalSecurityCouncil.Todate,theNationalSecurityCouncilhasnotmade O afinaldetermination. ? OnNovember7,2001,theDepartmentofCommerce,viatheFederalRegisterandBXAs  webpage,solicitedcommentsfromindustryontheeffectivenessofforeignpolicybasedexport  controls.OverallcommentsareavailableinAppendixI.6XK XXXj  #XjX X6XKK#TheSensorsandInstrumentationTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee(SITAC)requestedthat  Category6commoditiesrelatedtocommercialnightvisionandthermalimagingequipment  (specifically6A002,6A003,6E001,and6E002)bemovedfromRegionalStability(RS)Column p 1toRSColumn2.AlthoughRSColumn1includesallcountriesexceptCanada,theimposition ` ofRSColumn2controlswouldallowsuchitemstobeexportedtoCanada,mostEuropean P Unionmembers,Japan,andseveralotherscountrieswithoutalicense.Duetoforeign  @ competitionintheUnitedKingdom,France,andJapan,SITACstatedthat thenegativeeffecton !0 U.S.companiesfarexceedstheperceivedbenefittotheforeignpolicyobjective.SITACcited o"  theimportanceofthermalimagingforfirefighting,lawenforcement,andsecurityorganizations _# worldwide.SITACalsostatedthattheU.S.efforttobuildalargeinternationalcoalitionto O$  combatterrorismisunderminedwhentheUnitedStatesrestrictsaccessofkeytechnologyto ?%! allies.SITACfurtherstatedthattreatingallregionswiththeexceptionofCanadaasbeing /&" potentiallyunstable dilutesthefocusonregionswherestabilitymaytrulybeinquestion.6XK XXXj ' # AttheDecember2001meeting,BXAinformedtheRegulationsandProceduresTechnical ("% AdvisoryCommittee(RPTAC)#XjX X6XKG#ԀofBXAsintentiontoexpandthescopeofexplosivedetection )#& equipment.RPTACcommentswillbetakenintoconsiderationastheproposedregulation *$' undergoesgovernmentreview._ +%( Ї D.ConsultationwithOtherCountries  O The_Wassenaar_ԀArrangementcontrolscertainitemsthattheUnitedStatesalsocontrolsforRS / purposes._Wassenaar_Ԁmemberstateshaveagreedtoincorporatethe_Wassenaar_ԀDualUseControl   Listintotheirownnationalexportcontrolstopreventexportsthatcouldcontributeto   destabilizingbuildupsofconventionalarms.Inaddition,membersofthe_MTCR_Ԁincorporatethe   _MTCR_Ԁcontrollistintotheirownnationalcontrollists.BXAintendstobriefalliesandmajor   tradingpartnersontheimpositionofunilateralcontrolsforexplosivedetectionequipmentand   doesnotanticipatesignificantobjectionstothenewcontrols.    &  E.AlternativeMeans  `  TheUnitedStateshasundertakenawiderangeofactionstosupportandencourageregional @  stabilityandhasspecificallyencouragedeffortstolimittheflowofarmsandmilitarilyuseful 0  ' goodsandotherspecialequipmenttoregionsofconflictandtension.Nonetheless,U.S.regional o  stabilitycontrolsremainanimportantelementinU.S.effortstolimitregionalconflicts. _  F.ForeignAvailability  ? Militaryvehiclesandothermilitarytypeequipmentthatarecontrolledforregionalstability  purposesmaybeobtainedfromnumerousforeignsources.Nearlyallofthecommoditiesand  relatedsoftwareandtechnologycontrolledforregionalstabilitypurposesarealsosubjectto  multilateralcontrolsforeithernationalsecurityormissiletechnologyreasonsundermultilateral  regimes. 4XjXXXj Manufacturersofimagingcamerascontrolledin_ECCN_Ԁ6A003havevoicedcomplaints  toBXAthatthereisconsiderableforeignavailabilityoftheseitemsinEuropeandJapan.  Althoughtherearemultilateralcontrolsontheseitems,membersoftheEuropeanCommunitydo p notcontrolthemamongthemselves,whileU.S.companiesrequireexportlicensesforexportsto ` alldestinationsexceptCanada.U.S.industrybelievesthatthisdisparityhinderstheminthis P market.#XjXX4XjH#Therealsoare4XjXXXjforeignmanufacturersofexplosivedetectionequipment!althoughnone  @ produceitemswiththesametechnicalcapabilitiesastheU.S.products.#XjXX4Xj#ԀBXAisnotawareof !0 foreigncompetitorsthat,atthistime,producethehighestlevelofFederalAviation o"  Administrationcertifiedexplosivedetectionequipment.  _# __@   MXXj @ 8dd8CHAPTER4  H AntiTerrorismControls  x (Sections742.8,742.9,742.10,742.19,744.13,744.14,746.2,746.4,746.7)#XjXM#     ExportControlProgramDescriptionandLicensingPolicy   ThesecontrolsreflectU.S.oppositiontoactsofinternationalterrorismsupportedbyforeign x  governments,aswellasterroristactscarriedoutbydesignatedterroristentities. h  PursuanttoSection6(j)oftheExportAdministrationAct,theSecretaryofStatehasdesignated H  sevencountries!Cuba,Iran,Iraq,Libya,NorthKorea,Sudan,andSyria!asnationswhose 8 governmentshaverepeatedlyprovidedsupportforactsofinternationalterrorism.Asnoted w( below,theUnitedStatescontrolsmultilaterallistitemsdestinedtomilitaryorothersensitive g endusersindesignatedterroristsupportingcountriesforantiterrorismreasonsunderSection W 6(j)oftheAct.TheUnitedStatescontrolsadditionalitemsontheCommerceControlList G (CCL)toCuba,Iran,Sudan,NorthKorea,Libya,andSyriaforantiterrorismreasonsunderthe 7 generalauthorityofSection6(a)oftheAct.ComprehensivetradeembargoesapplytoCuba, ' Iran,Iraq,Libya,andSudan.f  g   Broadlyspeaking,theBureauofExportAdministration(BXA)haslicensingresponsibilityfor  exportsandreexportstoCuba,Syria,andNorthKoreaandforreexportstoLibya.  TheDepartmentoftheTreasurysOfficeofForeignAssetsControl(OFAC)haslicensing  responsibilitiesforexportsandreexportstoIranandIraqandforexportstoLibya.Both x DepartmentsmaintainlicenserequirementsforexportsandreexportstoSudan.Thisreportdoes  h notdescribetherestrictionsadministeredbyOFACagainstIran,Iraq,Libya,andSudan. f    g  !X TheembargoonexportstoCubaisadministeredbytheUnitedStatesundertheActandother #8 statutes.ThemajorpolicychangeforCubain2001wastheregulatoryimplementationofthe w$( TradeSanctionsReformandExportEnhancementActof2000(TSRA).UndertheJuly2001 g%  rule,exportsoffoodandotheragriculturalcommoditiesmaybeapprovedtoCubaunderanew W& ! priornotificationprocedureandLicenseExceptionAgriculturalCommodities(AGR). G' " TSRA,whichwascontainedinTitleIXofthe2000AgricultureAppropriationsAct,requiresthe ')"$ liftingofunilateralsanctionsgoverningagriculturalandmedicalcommoditiesworldwide,but *#% alsorequiresthatalicensingregimebeinplaceforexportsofsuchcommoditiestodesignated +$& terroristsupportingcountries.PleaseseeChapter5formoredetailonregulationspursuantto +%' thislegislation. O Inadditiontothediscussionoff  g countriesthatsupportinternationalterrorismf  g ,thischapter / describescontrolsonexportsandcertainreexportstoSpeciallyDesignatedTerrorists(SDTf  g sf  g )and   ForeignTerroristOrganizations(FTOf  g sf  g ).   InresponsetotheterroristactsofSeptember11,2001,thePresidentissuedExecutiveOrder   f  g (E.O.)f  g 13224ofSeptember23,2001!BlockingPropertyandProhibitingTransactionsWith   PersonsWhoCommit,ThreatentoCommit,orSupportMXjXXXjTerrorism!todealwiththecontinuing   andimmediatethreatoffurtherterroristattacksonU.S.nationalsortheUnitedStates.Inthis p  E.O.,thePresidentprohibitedanyU.S.personfromassisting,sponsoring,orprovidingfinancial, `  material,ortechnologicalsupportforsuchactsofterrorism.ThePresidentnamed27terrorist P  organizations,leaders,andcorporateandcharitablefronts.Theseentitiesandindividualsare @  listedintheAnnextoE.O.13224andareidentifiedbytheabbreviation"SDGT."Otherentities 0  havesubsequentlybeendesignatedpursuanttoE.O.13224,andallexistingFTOswerealso o  includedonthenewlistofSDGTs.ThelistofSDGTsispublishedbyOFACaspartofthelist _ ofblockedpersons,speciallydesignatednationals,speciallydesignatedterrorists,foreign O terroristorganizations,andspeciallydesignatednarcoticstraffickersdesignatedpursuanttothe ? variouseconomicsanctionsprogramsadministeredbyOFAC. #XjXXMXj># /  ThePresidentdirectedallagenciesoftheUnitedStatestotakeappropriatemeasureswithintheir  authoritytocarryouttheprovisionsoftheE.O.Inaddition,onSeptember28,2001,theUnited  NationsadoptedResolution1373,whichstatesthatmembernationsshallprohibitmaking  financialassetsoreconomicresourcesavailableforthebenefitofpersonswhoengageinor  attempttocommitorfacilitateterroristacts.  BXAwillsoonpublisharegulationconsistentwiththeprovisionsoff  g E.O.f  Ԁg f  g 13224f  g ԀandU.N. ` Resolutionf  g Ԁ1373f  g .Thepurposeofthf  g enewcontrolsistoimposeanexportlicenserequirementfor P theexportf  g f  g orf  g ԀreexportofallitemssubjecttotheEARdestinedtof  g f  g SDTs,FTOs,andSDGTs,  @ whereverlocated.f  g Ԁ  !0 BXAalsowillpublishanamendmenttotheEARthatexpandsthescopeofexplosivedetection _# systemscontrolledunderExportCommodityControlNumber(ECCN)2A993andcreatesnew O$  licenserequirementsfortheexportandreexportofrelatedsoftwareandtechnology.Thenew ?%! licensingrequirementswillbecontainedinECCNs2D993and2E993.Theamendmentwill /&" clarifythescopeofexplosivedetectionequipmentcontrolledundertheEARandexpandthe ' # numberofdestinationsthatrequirealicensefortheexportandreexportoftheseitems. (!$ Specifically,alicensewillberequiredtoexportorreexporttheseitemstoIraq.Alicensewas ("% alreadyrequiredfortheexportofitemscontrolledunderECCN2A993toIran,NorthKorea, )#& Sudan,Syria,Cuba,andLibya.Thisamendmentalsocreatesalicenserequirementforthe *$' exportandreexportofitemscontrolledunderECCNs2D993and2E993toalldesignated  +%(  terroristsupportingcountries.ItemscontrolledunderthethreeECCNsalsowillbecontrolled O forregionalstabilityandU.N.reasons.BXAdesignedtheamendmenttoenhancethesecurity ? andsafetyofairlinetravelandphysicalstructures,includinggovernmentbuildings.Chapter3 / providesdetailsofthenewcontrol.     EAASection6(j)determinations:    TheSecretaryofStatehasdeterminedthatLibya(1979),Syria(1979),Cuba(1982),Iran(1984),   NorthKorea(1988),Iraq(1990)andSudan(1993)arecountrieswhosegovernmentshave   repeatedlyprovidedsupportforactsofinternationalterrorism. p  EffectiveDecember28,1993,theActingSecretaryofStatedeterminedthattheUnitedStates P  wouldcontrolfivecategoriesofdualuseitemssubjecttomultilateralcontrolstocertainsensitive @  governmentendusersunderSection6(j)oftheAct,sincetheseitemsmeetthecriteriasetforth 0  inSection6(j)(1)(B).Specifically,theActingSecretarydeterminedthattheseitems,when o  exportedtomilitary,policeorintelligenceorganizations,ortoothersensitiveendusersina _ designatedterroristsupportingcountry,couldmakeasignificantcontributiontothatcountry's O militarypotentialorcouldenhanceitsabilitytosupportactsofinternationalterrorism.These ? antiterrorismcontrolsapplytoalldesignatedterroristsupportingcountries. / TheActingSecretaryalsoadvisedthattheUnitedStatesshouldcontinuetocontrolotheritems  notspecificallycontrolledunderSection6(j)forgeneralforeignpolicypurposesunderSection  6(a)toterroristsupportingcountriesandthattheUnitedStatesshouldcontinuetoreviewthe  exportofsuchitemspriortoapprovaltoevaluatewhether,underthecircumstancesofthe  application,therequirementsofSection6(j)apply.Thesemeasuresaredescribedindetail  below. p ParagraphAbelowreflectstheSection6(j)controlsandparagraphs(B),(C),(D)and(E)reflect P theSection6(a)controlsonIran,Sudan,Syria,andNorthKorea.  @  A. 0  TheActingSecretaryofStatedetermined,effectiveDecember28,1993,thattheexport o"  ofcertaincategoriesofgoodsandtechnologies,whendestinedtomilitary,police, _# intelligenceentities,andothersensitiveendusers,asdeterminedbytheDepartmentof O$  State,inanycountrydesignatedunderSection6(j)oftheActasacountrythathas ?%! repeatedlyprovidedsupportforactsofinternationalterrorism,"couldmakeasignificant /&" contributiontothemilitarypotentialofsuchcountry,includingitsmilitarylogistics ' # capability,orcouldenhancetheabilityofsuchcountrytosupportactsofinternational (!$ terrorism."Asaresultofthisdetermination,theSecretariesofStateandCommerce ("% wouldnotifyCongress30dayspriortotheissuanceofanylicensefortheexportofany )#& itemfromthefivecategorieslistedbelowtosensitiveendusersintheterrorist *$' supportingcountries.+%((#(# ЀPursuanttoSection6(j)oftheAct,BXArequiresalicensefortheexportofthefollowingitems ? tomilitaryorothersensitiveendusersindesignatedterroristsupportingcountries: / 0  1)0` (#(#Allitemssubjecttonationalsecuritycontrols,exceptcomputerswitha   performanceleveloflessthan500milliontheoreticaloperationspersecond   (WassenaarArrangement)   C .@ ` (#` (# 0  2)0` (#(#Allitemssubjecttochemicalandbiologicalweaponsproliferationcontrols   (AustraliaGroup). ` (#` (# 0  3)0` (#(#Alldualuseitemssubjecttomissileproliferationcontrols(MissileTechnology p  ControlRegime).` ` (#` (# 0  4)0` (#(#Allitemssubjecttonuclearweaponsproliferationcontrols(NuclearReferral P  List).@ ` (#` (# 0  5)0` (#(#Allmilitaryrelateditems(itemscontrolledbyf  g CCLf  g Ԁentriesendingwiththe 0  number18).o ` (#` (#  B. 0  PursuanttoSection6(a)oftheAct,theUnitedStatesrequiresalicenseforthecategories O ofitemslistedbelowforIran,NorthKorea,Sudan,andSyriatopromoteU.S.foreign ? policygoals.Sudan(asofNovember4,1997)andIran(asofMay7,1995)arealso / subjecttocomprehensivetradeandinvestmentembargoesadministeredbythe  DepartmentoftheTreasuryundertheauthorityvestedinthePresidentunderthe  InternationalEmergencyEconomicPowersAct(IEEPA).TheDepartmentofState  reviewslicenseapplicationsforitemscontrolledunderSection6(a)oftheActbefore  approvaltodeterminewhethertherequirementsofSection6(j)apply.IftheSecretaryof  Statedeterminesthattheparticularexport"couldmakeasignificantcontributiontothe  militarypotentialofsuchcountry,includingitsmilitarylogisticscapability,orcould p enhancetheabilityofsuchcountrytosupportactsofinternationalterrorism,"the ` DepartmentsofCommerceandStatewillnotifytheappropriateCongressional P committees30daysbeforeissuingalicense.Thecategoriesofitemscontrolledunder  @ Section6(a)include,butarenotlimitedto:!0(#(#  H@=ABC>EFG(IxxAH@=ABC>EF="@"    @.2I3  0 `   Aircraft,includinghelicoptersandengines.@./݌_#` (#` (# Ќ  :  :/0  "0` (#(#  Heavydutyonhighwaytractors.://݌O$ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :00  "0` (#(#  Offhighwaywheeltractors(>10tons).:00݌?%!` (#` (# Ќ  :  :M10  "0` (#(#  Cryptographic,cryptoanalytic,andcryptologicequipment.:M1h1݌/&"` (#` (# Ќ  :  :&20  "0` (#(#  Navigation,directionfinding,andradarequipment.:&2A2݌' #` (#` (# Ќ  :  :20  "0` (#(#  Electronictestequipment.:23݌(!$` (#` (# Ќ  :  :30  "0` (#(#  Mobilecommunicationsequipment.:33݌("%` (#` (# Ќ  :  :t40  "0` (#(#  Acousticunderwaterdetectionequipment.:t44݌)#&` (#` (# Ќ  :  :<50  "0` (#(#  Vesselsandboats(includinginflatableboats).:<5W5݌*$'` (#` (# Ќ  :  : 60  "0` (#(#  Marineandsubmarineengines.: 6'6݌+%(` (#` (# Ќ  :  :60  "0` (#(#  Underwaterphotographicequipment.:66݌O` (#` (# Ќ  :  :70  "0` (#(#  Submersiblesystems.:77݌?` (#` (# Ќ  :  :@80  "0` (#(#  Computernumericallycontrolled(CNC)machinetools.:@8[8݌/` (#` (# Ќ  :  :90  "0` (#(#  Vibrationtestequipment.:9/9݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :90  "0` (#(#  Certaindigitalcomputers(CTP6).:99݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  ::0  "0` (#(#  Certaintelecommunicationstransmissionequipment.:::݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :f;0  "0` (#(#  Certainmicroprocessors(clockspeed>25Mhz).:f;;݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :4<0  "0` (#(#  Certainsemiconductormanufacturingequipment.:4<O<݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :=0  "0` (#(#  Softwarespeciallydesignedforcomputeraideddesign/computeraided   manufacture(CAD/CAM)integratedcircuitproduction.:==݌p ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :0>0  "0` (#(#  Packetswitches.:0>K>݌` ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :>0  "0` (#(#  Softwarespeciallydesignedforairtrafficcontrolapplications.:>>݌P ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :?0  "0` (#(#  Gravitymeters(staticaccuracy<100microgalorwithquartzelement).:??݌@ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :@0  "0` (#(#  Certainmagnetometerswithsensitivity<1.0ntrmsperroothertz.:@@݌0 ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :A0  "0` (#(#  Certainfluorocarboncompoundsforcoolingfluidsforradarandsupercomputers.:AA݌o ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :zB0  "0` (#(#  Highstrengthorganicandinorganicfibers.:zBB݌_` (#` (# Ќ  :  :GC0  "0` (#(#  Certainmachinesforgearcutting(upto1.25meters).:GCbC݌O` (#` (# Ќ  :  :D0  "0` (#(#  Certainaircraftskinandsparmillingmachines.:D9D݌?` (#` (# Ќ  :  :D0  "0` (#(#  Certainmanualdimensionalinspectionmachines(linearpositioningaccuracy / 3+L/300).:D E݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :E0  "0` (#(#  Robotsemployingfeedbackinformationinrealtime.:EF݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :F0  "0` (#(#  Certainexplosivedevicedetectors.:FF݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :G0  "0` (#(#  ProductiontechnologycontrolledunderECCN1C355.:GG݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :gH0  "0` (#(#  CommercialchargesanddevicescontrolledunderECCN1C992.:gHH݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :CI0  "0` (#(#  Ammoniumnitrate,includingcertainfertilizerscontainingammoniumnitrate,  underECCN1C997.:CI^I݌p` (#` (# Ќ  C. 0  ExportsofthefollowingadditionalitemstoIran,Sudan,andNorthKoreaaresubjecttoa P licenserequirementundertheExportAdministrationRegulations(EAR)forforeign  @ policyreasons:!0(#(# :  :nK0  "0` (#(#  Largedieselengines(>400hp).:nKK݌_#` (#` (# Ќ  :  :-L0  "0` (#(#  Scubagear.:-LHL݌O$ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :L0  "0` (#(#  Pressurizedaircraftbreathingequipment.:LL݌?%!` (#` (# Ќ  D. 0  ExportofthefollowingadditionalitemtoIranandNorthKoreaissubjecttoalicense ' # requirementundertheEARforforeignpolicyreasons:portableelectricpowergenerators.(!$(#(#  E. 0  ExportsofthefollowingadditionalitemstoNorthKoreaaresubjecttoalicense  )#& requirementundertheEARforforeignpolicyreasons:*$'(#(#  +%( *,XX hXX*:  :O0  "0` (#(#  Ringmagnets.:OO݌O` (#` (# Ќ  :  :cP0  "0` (#(#  Hotcells.:cP~P݌?` (#` (# Ќ  :  : Q0  "0` (#(#  Gloveboxessuitableforusewithradioactivematerials.: Q(Q݌/` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Q0  "0` (#(#  Softwareforneutroniccalculations/modeling.:QR݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :R0  "0` (#(#  Softwareforradiationtransportcalculations/modeling.:RR݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :S0  "0` (#(#  Softwareforhydrodynamiccalculations/modeling.:SS݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :YT0  "0` (#(#  Radiationdetection,monitoringandmeasurementequipment.:YTtT݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :3U0  "0` (#(#  Radiographicdetectionequipmentsuchasxrayconverters,andstoragephosphor   imageplates.:3UNU݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :DV0  "0` (#(#  Electrolyticcellsforflourineproduction.:DV_V݌p ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :W0  "0` (#(#  Particleaccelerators.:W*W݌` ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :W0  "0` (#(#  Industrialprocesscontrolhardware/systemsdesignedforpowerindustries.:WW݌P ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :X0  "0` (#(#  Freonandchilledwatercoolingsystemscapableofcontinuouscoolingdutiesof @  100,000BTU/hr(29.3kW)orgreater.:XX݌0 ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Y0  "0` (#(#  Equipmentfortheproductionofstructuralcomposites,fibers,prepregsand o  preforms.:YY݌_` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Z0  "0` (#(#  Hardenedsteelandtungstencarbideprecisionballbearings(3mmorgreater O diameter).:ZZ݌?` (#` (# Ќ  :  :[0  "0` (#(#  304and316stainlesssteelplate.:[\݌/` (#` (# Ќ  :  :\0  "0` (#(#  Monelplate.:\\݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :X]0  "0` (#(#  Tributylphosphate.:X]s]݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  : ^0  "0` (#(#  Nitricacidinconcentrationsof20weightpercentorgreater.: ^&^݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :^0  "0` (#(#  Flourine.:^_݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :_0  "0` (#(#  Alpha-emittingradionuclides.:__݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :O`0  "0` (#(#  Softwarespeciallydesignedforindustrialprocesscontrolhardware/systems  controlledby1B999.:O`j`݌p` (#` (# Ќ  :  :ca0  "0` (#(#  Softwarespeciallydesignedforequipmentfortheproductionofstructural ` composites,fibers,prepregsandpreformscontrolledby1B999,n.e.s.(not P elsewherespecified).:ca~a݌ @` (#` (# Ќ  :  :b0  "0` (#(#  Bellowssealedvalves.:bb݌!0` (#` (# Ќ  :  :c0  "0` (#(#  Isostaticpresses,n.e.s.:cc݌o" ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Ed0  "0` (#(#  Bellowsmanufacturingequipment,includinghydraulicformingequipmentand _# bellowsformingdies.:Ed`d݌O$ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Ye0  "0` (#(#  Laserweldingmachines.:Yete݌?%!` (#` (# Ќ  :  :f0  "0` (#(#  MIGwelders.:f+f݌/&"` (#` (# Ќ  :  :f0  "0` (#(#  Ebeamwelders.:ff݌' #` (#` (# Ќ  :  :kg0  "0` (#(#  Monelequipment,includingvalves,piping,tanksandvessels.:kgg݌(!$` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Hh0  "0` (#(#  304and316stainlesssteelvalves,piping,tanksandvessels.:Hhch݌("%` (#` (# Ќ  :  :&i0  "0` (#(#  Mininganddrillingequipment,asfollows::&iAi݌)#&` (#` (# Ќ  0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (# !0 (# (#Largeboringequipmentcapableofdrillingholesgreaterthantwofeet *$' indiameter,_and+%( (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#!0 (# (#Largeearthmovingequipmentusedintheminingindustry.O (# (# :  :k0  "0` (#(#  Electroplatingequipmentdesignedforcoatingpartswithnickeloraluminum.:kk݌?` (#` (# Ќ  :  :l0  "0` (#(#  Pumpsdesignedforindustrialserviceandforusewithanelectricalmotorof5HP / orgreater.:ll݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :m0  "0` (#(#  Vacuumvalves,piping,flanges,gasketsandrelatedequipmentspeciallydesigned   foruseinhighvacuumservice.:mm݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :n0  "0` (#(#  Spinformingandflowformingmachines.:nn݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :o0  "0` (#(#  Centrifugal_multiplane_Ԁbalancingmachines.:oo݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :qp0  "0` (#(#  Austeniticstainlesssteelplate,valves,piping,tanksandvessels.:qpp݌ ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Uq0  "0` (#(#  Frequencychangerscapableofoperatinginthefrequencyrangefrom300upto p  600Hz.:Uqpq݌` ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :^r0  "0` (#(#  Massspectrometers.:^ryr݌P ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :s0  "0` (#(#  Allflashxraymachines,andcomponentsofpulsedpowersystemsdesigned @  thereof,includingMarxgenerators,highpowerpulseshapingnetworks,high 0  voltagecapacitors,andtriggers.:s,s݌o ` (#` (# Ќ  :  :t0  "0` (#(#  Pulseamplifiers.:tt݌_` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Au0  "0` (#(#  Electronicequipmentfortimedelaygenerationortimeintervalmeasurement,as O follows::Au\u݌?` (#` (# Ќ  0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#!0 (# (#Digitaltimedelaygeneratorswitharesolutionof50nanosecondsor / lessovertimeintervalsof1microsecondorgreater,or (# (# 0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#!0 (# (#Multichannel(threeormore)ormodulartimeintervalmeterand  _chronometry_Ԁequipmentwithresolutionof50nanosecondsorlessover  timeintervalsof1microsecondorgreater. (# (# :  :x0  "0` (#(#  Chromatographyandspectrometryanalyticalinstruments.:xx݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :y0  "0` (#(#  Seismicdetectionequipment.:yy݌` (#` (# Ќ  :  :Bz0  "0` (#(#  RadiationhardenedTVcameras. :Bz]z݌p` (#` (# Ќ  LicenseRequirementsandLicensingPolicyforCuba  P  A. 0  BXArequiresalicenseforexporttoCubaofvirtuallyallcommodities,technology,and !0 software,except:o" (#(# 0  :  :|0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Technologygenerallyavailabletothepublicandinformationalmaterials.:|.|݌O$  (# (# Ќ  0  :  :}0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Sometypesofpersonalbaggage,crewbaggage,certainaircrafton ?%! temporarysojourn,shipstores(exceptasprohibitedbytheCuban /&" DemocracyActtoCuba)andplanestoresundercertaincircumstances.:}+}݌' # (# (# Ќ  0  :  :~0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  CertainforeignoriginitemsintransitthroughtheUnitedStates.:~~݌(!$ (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  ShipmentsforU.S.Governmentpersonnelandagencies.:݌("% (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Giftparcelsnotexceeding$200forCubalimitedtofood,clothing:݌)#& (# (# Ќ  0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#(nonmilitary),vitamins,seeds,medicines,medicalsuppliesanddevices, *$' hospitalsuppliesandequipment,equipmentforthehandicapped,personal +%( _hygieneitems,veterinarymedicinesandsupplies,fishingequipmentand O supplies,soapmakingequipment,certainradioequipment,andbatteries ? forsuchequipment.Therearenofrequencyordollarvaluelimitsonfood / containedingiftparcelstoCuba.  (# (#  B. 0  TheUnitedStatesgenerallydeniesexportlicenseapplicationsforexportstoCuba.   However,BXAwillconsiderapplicationsforthefollowingonacase-by-casebasis: (#(# 0  :  :ք0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Exportstomeetbasichumanneeds.:ք݌  (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  ExportstoCubafromforeigncountriesofnon-strategic,foreignmade p  productscontaining20percentorlessU.S.-originparts,componentsor `  materials,providedtheexporterisnotaU.S.ownedorcontrolled P  subsidiaryinathirdcountry.:Dž݌@  (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  ExportstoCubaoftelecommunicationsequipment,totheextentpermitted 0  aspartofatelecommunicationsprojectapprovedbytheFederalCom o  municationsCommission,necessarytodeliverasignaltoaninternational _ telecommunicationsgatewayinCuba.:݌O (# (# Ќ  :  0  :r0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  ExportstoCubaofbusinessandofficeequipmentifdestinedtohuman ? rightsorganizationsortoindividualsandnongovernmentalorganizations / thatpromoteindependentactivity.:r݌ (# (# Ќ  :  0  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  CertaincommoditiesandsoftwareforU.S.newsbureausinCuba.:'݌ (# (# Ќ  C. 0  TheDepartmentofCommercereviewsapplicationsforexportsofdonatedand  commerciallysuppliedmedicineormedicalitemstoCubaonacasebycasebasis.The  UnitedStatesdoesnotrestrictexportsoftheseitems,exceptinthefollowingcases:(#(# 0  :  :U0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  TotheextentSection5(m)oftheExportAdministrationActof1979or ` Section203(b)(2)oftheIEEPAwouldpermitsuchrestrictions.:Up݌P (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Inacaseinwhichthereisareasonablelikelihoodtheitemtobeexported  @ willbeusedforpurposesoftortureorotherhumanrightsabuses.:݌!0 (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Inacaseinwhichthereisareasonablelikelihoodtheitemtobeexported o"  willbereexported.:݌_# (# (# Ќ  0  :  : 0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Inacaseinwhichtheitemtobeexportedcouldbeusedintheproduction O$  ofanybiotechnologicalproduct.: ;݌?%! (# (# Ќ  0  :  :T0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  InacasewheretheU.S.Governmentdeterminesitwouldbeunableto /&" verify,byonsiteinspectionandotherappropriatemeans,thattheitemto ' # beexportedwillbeusedforthepurposeforwhichitwasintendedand (!$ onlyfortheuseandbenefitoftheCubanpeople.Thisexceptiondoesnot ("% applytodonationsofmedicineforhumanitarianpurposestoanon )#& governmentalorganizationinCuba.:To݌*$' (# (# Ќ  _f  g f  g  +%( f  + g LicenseRequirementsandLicensingPolicyforNorthKorea O  MXjXXXjItemsontheCCLcontinuetorequirealicensetoNorthKorea.#XjXXMXjە#TheUnitedStateshasageneral / policyofdenialforstrategic,nuclear,missile,chemical,biological,andothersensitiveitemson   thef  g f  g CCLf  g ԀtoallendusersinNorthKorea.Inaddition,thereisapolicyofdenialforitemsonthe   CCLtomilitaryendusersorenduses,anditemswithpotentialnuclearapplicabilitytonuclear   endusersorendusesinNorthKorea.Certainitemsonthef  g f  g CCLf  g Ԁmaybelicensedtof  g f  g civilianf  g Ԁend   usersorendusesonacasebycasebasis,subjecttoU.S.interagencyreview.MXjXXXjItemscontrolled   forantiterrorismreasonstoNorthKoreainclude:aircraftandaircraftparts,encryptionproducts,   mosttelecommunicationsequipment,andcomputers.Licenseapplicationsforcomputersupto p  2,000_MTOPS_Ԁaswellasmicroprocessorsupto550_MTOPS_Ԁtononmilitaryornonnuclearend `  usersarereviewedonacasebycasebasis.#XjXXMXjy# P  Commodities,technology,orsoftwarenotonthef  g f  g CCLf  g ԀmaybeexportedtoNorthKoreawithouta 0  license,providedthattheenduserisnotinvolvedinweaponsproliferationactivities,inwhich o  caseprovisionsoftheEnhancedProliferationControlInitiative catchallcontrolwouldapply.MXjXXXj _ #XjXXMXjH# LicenseRequirementsandLicensingPolicyforLibya  ?  A. 0  BXArequiresalicenseforthe_reexport_ԀofU.S.origingoods,technology,orsoftware  subjecttotheEARtoLibyafromthirdcountries,exceptforthefollowing:(#(# 0  :  : 0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Medicineandmedicalsupplies.: %݌ (# (# Ќ    :  :ܟ0 ` "0 ` (#` (#  Foodandagriculturalcommodities.:ܟ݌ (# (# Ќ    :  :0 ` "0 ` (#` (#  Itemspermittedundercertainlicenseexceptions.:Ơ݌ (# (# Ќ    :  :0 ` "0 ` (#` (#  ForeignnonstrategicproductsofU.S.-origintechnologyorsoftware.:݌p (# (# Ќ    :  :{0 ` "0 ` (#` (#  ForeignstrategicproductsofU.S.-origintechnologyorsoftwareexported ` fromtheUnitedStatesbeforeMarch12,1982.:{݌P (# (# Ќ  B.   BXAwillgenerallydenyapplicationsfor_reexport_Ԁofthefollowing: !0 0  :  :@0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Off-highwaywheeltractorswithcarriagecapacityof10tonsormore, _# exceptforexportsofsuchtractorsinreasonablequantitiesforciviluse.:@[݌O$  (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Aircraft(includinghelicopters),andspecifiedpartsandaccessories.:݌?%! (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Othercommoditiesandrelatedtechnologyandsoftwarecontrolledfor /&" nationalsecuritypurposes,includingcontrolledforeignproducedproducts ' # ofU.S.technologyandsoftwareexportedfromtheUnitedStatesafter (!$ March12,1982,andoilandgasequipmentandrelatedtechnologyand ("% softwarenotreadilyavailablefromnon-U.S.sources.:݌)#& (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Commodities,software,andtechnologydestinedfortheRas_Lanuf_ *$' PetrochemicalProcessingComplex,exceptfor(a)exportsor_reexports_ +%( _pursuanttoacontractualarrangementineffectpriortoDecember20, O 1983;and(b)thereexportofgoodsortechnologyalreadyoutsidethe ? UnitedStatesonDecember20,1983,forwhichlicenseapplicationswill / bereviewedonacasebycasebasis.:݌  (# (# Ќ  0  :  :ګ0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  ItemssubjecttoU.N.S.C.Resolution748ofMarch30,1992(effective   April5,1992)andU.N.S.C.Resolution883ofNovember11,1993   (effectiveDecember1,1993)@   C @.:ګ݌  (# (# Ќ    0   C.   BXAwillconsiderexceptionstothisdenialpolicyonacase-by-casebasisforthe   following:p (#(# 0  :  :l0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Reexportsofcommoditiesortechnologyandsoftwareinvolvingacontract P  ineffectpriortoMarch12,1982,wherefailuretoobtainanauthorization @  wouldnotexcuseperformanceofthecontract.:l݌0  (# (# Ќ  0  :  : 0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  Thereexportofgoodsortechnologysubjecttonationalsecuritycontrols o  alreadyoutsidetheUnitedStatesonMarch12,1982,ortheexportof _ foreignproductsincorporatingsuchitemsascomponents.: (݌O (# (# Ќ  0  :  :0` (#(#"0 ` (#` (#  TheuseofU.S.-origincomponentsincorporatedincertainforeignorigin ? equipmentandconstituting20percentorlessbyvalueofthatequipment.:б݌/ (# (# Ќ  0   D.   Allotherreexports,withtheexceptionofhumanitarianitemsandmedicalequipmentas  definedintheTSRA,willgenerallybedenied.(#(#  LicenseRequirementsandLicensingPolicyforSudan   TheUnitedStateshasageneralpolicyofdenialforallendusersinSudanforallitems p controlledforchemical,biological,missileandnuclearproliferationreasons,militaryrelated ` itemscontrolledfornationalsecurityreasons(CCLentriesendinginthenumber18),andf  g Ԁcertain P itemscontrolledfornationalsecurityorforeignpolicyreasonsforexportandreexport,suchasf  g   @ aircraft,cryptologicitems,andexplosivedevicedetectors.OtheritemscontrolledtoSudanfor !0 nationalsecurityorforeignpolicyreasonsaresubjecttoapolicyofdenialformilitaryendusers o"